References
Mining
Client: Boliden, Sweden
Project: Garpenberg Expansion
Boliden invested SEK 3900 million in a new plant in Garpenberg to increase the mine’s production capacity from the current 1.4 Mt to 2.5 Mt of ore per year. To obtain permission to connect the installation to the feeding grid, it must be ensured that the power factor and harmonic distortion requirements of the electricity supplier will be met.
Harmonizer’s commitment:
To design reactive power compensation and harmonic filtering to meet Vattenfall’s power factor and distortion requirements.
As a result of the studies, a 10 kV and a 20 kV filter battery have been installed. Each battery consists of four filter branches tuned to the 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th harmonics switchable in 3 and 2 Mvar steps at 10 kV and 4 and 5 Mvar steps at 20 kV.
The work has consisted of the following steps.
- Power quality measurements in the existing installation
- Theoretical calculations of expected reactive power consumption and harmonic generation from the new plant
- Load flow, harmonic and transient studies for different operating cases.
- Selection of the appropriate filter configuration to meet reactive power and harmonic distortion requirements.
- Development of control scheme for reactive power control
- Preparation of rating data for filters and filter components and development of a detailed technical tender specification.
- Evaluation of tenders
- Review and approval of the supplier’s design
- Control of assembly, commissioning and verification measurements
Principal: LKAB Malmberget, Sweden
Mandate: To reduce voltage variations on 110 kV and 20 kV busbars caused by rapidly varying loads in the form of 4 40-tonne rock winches.
The scope of the work:
- Real-time measurements of power, current, voltage and harmonic variations.
- Load flow and harmonic simulations
- Selection of compensator type and power
- Evaluation of existing filters
- Development of technical specification
- Evaluation of supplier proposals
- Measurements and verification of performance and rating data after commissioning
Client: LKAB, Sweden
Mission: To analyze the cause and consequences of voltage dips in LKAB’s facilities and propose an action plan to eliminate the problems.
The scope of the work:
- Compilation and analysis of disturbance registrations at the 130 kV PCC for each LKAB site.
- Compilation and analysis of fault reports from power suppliers (Vattenfall) and LKAB.
- Summary of voltage drop related generation interruptions and corresponding loss of income
- Evaluation of possible measures for 130 kV transmission systems
- Evaluation of possible measures for distribution systems
- Evaluation of measures to improve the immunity level of production equipment
- Calculations of investment costs and payback period for the different measures
- Final recommendation and action plan
Client: LKAB, Sweden
Mission: To design compensation equipment for a new pellet plant
The scope of the work:
- Load flow study
- Harmonic study
- Selection of the appropriate filter configuration
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
- Control of assembly and verifying measurements
Aluminum smelter
Client: ABB Switzerland
Final customer: Raz Az Zawr, Saudi Arabia
Mission:
- To generate 840 MVAR reactive power to improve the power factor at Point of Common Coupling (PCC).
- To filter harmonic currents generated by the rectifiers to meet the harmonic distortion requirements of IEEE Standard 519.
Scope:
- Collection of input data for the analytical model
- Choice of filter configuration
- Harmonic study
- Detailed design of filters and filter components
- Verification measurements
Client: ABB
Final customer: Raz Az Zawr, Saudi Arabia
Object: Refinery and rolling mill
Objective
- Improving the power factor at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC)
- To filter harmonic currents generated by frequency converters to meet distortion requirements according to IEEE Standard 519.
Scope:
- Collection of input data for the analytical model
- Choice of filter configuration
- Harmonic study
- Detailed design of filters and filter components
- Assembly supervision, commissioning, verification measurements
Client: ABB
Final customer: ISAAL Iceland
Scope: Design of harmonic filters for expansion projects. Total power generated 85 Mvar
The scope of the work:
- Harmonics measurements to determine existing harmonics
- Harmonic study
- Transient study
- Selection of appropriate filter configuration to meet power factor and harmonic distortion requirements
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
- Control of assembly, commissioning and verification measurements
Client: ABB
Final customer: Sohar Oman
Scope: Design of harmonic filters for expansion projects. Total power generated 220 Mvar
The scope of the work:
- Harmonic study
- Transient study
- Selection of appropriate filter configuration to meet power factor and harmonic distortion requirements
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
Client: ABB
End customer: Nordural Island
Scope: Design of harmonic filters for expansion projects. Reconstruction of the 3rd harmonic filter.
The scope of the work:
- Harmonics measurements to map existing harmonics
- Harmonic study
- Transient study
- Selection of appropriate filter configuration to meet power factor and harmonic distortion requirements
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
- Commissioning
- Verification measurements
Client: ABB
End customer: Quatalum, Qatar
Scope: Design of harmonic filters for a new aluminum smelter. Total generating power 650 Mvar.
The scope of the work:
- Harmonic study
- Transient study
- Selection of appropriate filter configuration to meet power factor and harmonic distortion requirements
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
Distribution and transmission applications
Client: Orkuvirki, Iceland
Application: Compensation of a 130 kV substation.
Mission: To design 3 x 20 Mvar, 130 kV harmonic filters.
The scope of the work:
- Harmonics measurements on 130 kV busbars to map existing harmonics
- Harmonic study
- Transient study
- Selection of appropriate filter configuration to meet harmonic distortion requirements
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
- Selection of the protection scheme and protection settings
- Control of assembly, commissioning and verification measurements
Client: ABB
End customer: PGC, Poland
Application: Reactive power compensation of three 110 kV substations.
Task: To design 3 x 50 Mvar, 110 kV harmonic filters in three different substations.
The scope of the work:
- Harmonics measurements on 110 kV and 400 kV busbars to map existing harmonics
- Harmonic study
- Transient study
- Selection of appropriate filter configuration to meet harmonic distortion requirements
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
- Selection of the protection scheme and protection settings
- Control of assembly, commissioning and verification measurements
Client: ABB
End customer: RTE, France
Application: 400 kV, 220 kV, 110 kV, 63 kV compensation projects in different locations in France.
The scope of the work:
- Harmonic analysis
- Transient study
- Calculation of rating data for filter components
- Selection of the protection scheme and protection settings
- Control of assembly, commissioning and verification measurements
Wind farms
Client: Siemens Sweden
Object: Storrotsliden Windfarm, Sweden
Mission: To find the cause of frequent equipment breakdowns and insulation failures.
Scope of work::
- Power quality measurements
- EMTP modeling and transient simulations
- Diagnostics and remedies
Problem solving
Customer: Nordural, Iceland
Problem: Measuring transformer and cable failure
Nordural experienced frequent failures of voltage transformers and unauthorized tripping of a 33 kV generation line resulting in material damage and loss of production. Examination of the measurement data from the disturbance analyzer indicated that the problems were caused by ferroresonance.
Harmonizer has carried out a system study consisting of on-site measurements and computer-based simulations. As a result of the study, specially designed ZnO-R-C damping circuit has been proposed and installed.
The scope of the work:
- EMTP Simulations
- Design of the damping circuit
- Procurement of components
- Commissioning
- Verification measurements.